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Lactarius turpis (Weinm.) Fr., Epicr. syst. mycol. (Uppsala): 335 (1838) [1836-1838] Lactarius necator sensu auct.
Lactarius plumbeus sensu Pearson [Naturalist (Hull): 86 (1950)], sensu auct.
Agaricus turpis Weinm., Syll. Pl. Nov. Ratisb. 2: 85 (1828)
Habitat: On soil in woodland or on heathland. Usually associated with Betula spp., but also known with conifers such as Picea and Larix spp.
Notes: Very common and widespread. Nomenclature follows Basso (FungEur7).
Distribution: E: c, S: c, W: c, NI: c, ROI: c, Other: Channel Islands: !; Isle of Man: !
Vouchers: England: K(M) 89116; Scotland: K(M) 590; Wales: NMW C.1999.037.20
Descriptions, Lists & Icons:
D+I:, in Phillips, R., Mushrooms and other fungi of Great Britain & Europe: 288 pp. (1981), p. 83
D:, in Hansen, I. & Knudsen, H., Nordic Macromycetes Polyporales, Boletales, Agaricales, Russulales. 2: 474 pp. (1992), as Lactarius necator, p. 365
I:, in Bon, M., The Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain and North-western Europe: 352 pp. (1987), as Lactarius plumbeus, p. 87
I:, in Courtecuisse. R. & Duhem. B., Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain & Europe: 480 pp. (1995), as Lactarius necator, p. 405
D+I:, in Heilmann-Clausen, J., Verbeken, A. & Vesterholt, J., Fungi of Northern Europe: The genus Lactarius 2: 287 pp. (1998), as Lactarius plumbeus, p. 42-43
D+I:, in Basso, M.T., Fungi Europaei 7: Lactarius Pers. 7: 845 pp. (1999), p. 66-73
I:, in Krieglsteiner, G.J., Die Grosspilze Baden-Würtenbergs - Band 2 2: 620 pp. (2000), p. 375
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